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After spending years studying different species and their development, Charles Drawin came up with his famous theory of evolution. Darwin had travelled the world and observed and collected a lot of evidence on the way. He, for example, observed certain species of birds at the galapagos islands. They were otherwise very similar, but their beaks were different. He came to the conclusion that a long time ago, the birds had spread to all of the different islands and had become isolated. The conditions at the islands were different and thus the birds had developed beaks that worked best for getting food from that specific environment. He wrote a book The Origin of Species in which he gives many examples of changes and develepment in species, and then explains them with the concept of natural selection. This concept is based on survival.

We must begin with the knowledge we have that each plant and animal belongs to the same specie as their parents(a dog will give birth to puppies and a bear to cubs)..As we know, some descendants possess more advantagious traits than others. They may run faster or have more intelligence than others.These individuals are the ones nature has selected to survive and later reproduce. Often this means that out of 6 descendants, only 1 or 2 will survive to reproduce. This way they pass their advantagious traits to their descendants, giving them a bigger survival possibilty. This selection takes place in the development of all species, and the balance between, for example, predators and prey is maintained. A prey will survive only if it is capable of escaping fast enough, and only those predators that can run fast enough to catch the prey will survive.

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