KYSYMYS!!!!!!!!!!!

The history of the school in Denmark

1500-1933: The school 窶・the daughter of the church

1074 a school connected to a monastery is mentioned in Roskilde

1145 Ribe Katedral school

1521 Christian the 2nd took initiative to a broad education for the people in Denmark. In the country side the priest should take care of the schools. In the cities the citizens should take care of this.

The children should learn about religion, how to read and write arithmetic.

1523 the king falls and the laws are burned

1537 after the reformation a new school law still based on the church is made. The king is now the ruler of the church as well.

1750 the economy gets better in Denmark. The British industrial revolution creates a market for Danish agricultural products.

From 1784-1800 The great reforms in the agriculture.

The need of education of the farmers increases as a precondition for raising the production.

1789-1814: Den store skolekommission 25 years work for the establishment of a general school.

1814 the first Folkeskolelov 窶・the school for everybody: this consisted of 2 different laws: one for the schools in the cities, one for the school at the countryside. In the countryside the children only go to school every second day

The purpose is to educate good Christians, teach the children to read and write and be good obedient citizens

1855 Permission is given for parents making their own school.

These free schools were made inspired by Grundtvig and were in practice established by Chresten Kold. First of these schools for children established in 1852.

Grundvig was a priest. The key words about him are the following:

School for life and not for death, the free spoken word and no learning by heart, the spoken word before the written word, storytelling ( about the country and the people), no fear in the class room, singing, oplivelse fﾃｸr oplysning (being lively before being educated)

The Folk high schools as a precondition for the cooperative movement in Denmark.

The new self dependant farmer: the state shall not decide about the education for the children and not decide who should preach in the churches 窶・free schools and free churches.

1879: 270 free school for children 窶・not free money wise, but free.

Have existed ever since. Today we have two different school system in Denmark

Folkeskolen:
Until 1903 two different kind of schools without connection: folkeskolen and the examen school. Two worlds, two cultures.

1894 a law about teacher窶冱 education. The education last 3 years. To get in, you need to pass a test plus document that you have teaching experiences. The man from the plow can still be a teacher.

1899 New Folkeskolelov. The classes maximum 37 at the countryside, 35 in the cities. More subjects, more lessons. Rooms for gymnastics are to be built.

1903 a bridge is built 窶・mellem skolen (the in-between school. Drawing page 40.

1909 Ellen Key writes 窶弋he century of the child窶・ The reform pedagogic influences Denmark

1920-23 Vanlﾃｸse forsﾃｸgene

1930 The teacher窶冱 education is extended to 4 years. The pedagogical subjects have been strengthening.

1933. The school and the church divorce.

1937 a new law for folkeskoen is made. An examen free middle school is established based on reform pedagogical thoughts. The children shall learn to be selvvirksomme (self active)

Possibility for special teaching is established where possible.

1957 The Sputnik chock

Mobilization of the intelligence reserve 窶・the black, the poor, the woman

The new math

1958 a new folkeskolelov. The teaching in the countryside ands the cities become the same. Finished with going to school every 2. year at the countryside.

The children at the countryside shall have same possibilities for admissions to the exam schools as those in the cities.

Possibility is given that the children in grade 6-7 can be taught together instead of being divided.

1960 Den blﾃ･ betﾃｦnkning. Progressive, influenced by reform pedagogic

1975 ny lov

The school shall together with the parents create possibilities for the childrens 窶彗lsididige窶・development. Oplevelse, selvvikrsomhed, selvstﾃｦndig stillingtagen, medlevelse og medbestemmelse I et demokratisk samfund.

Undervisningens planlﾃｦgning og tilrettelﾃｦggelse skal i videst omfang ske sammen med eleverne. Paragraf 16,4.

The teaching in grade 8.-9.: The class together but in the important subjects divided in two courses.

Samtidsorientering

1970erne: The debate about indoctrination

1987 Folkeskolens udviklingsprogrammer: 100 mio is given every year for 4 years to create development

1989: Skolebestyrelser indfﾃｸres

Nﾃｦrdemokrati: Who should decide

1993 New folkeskolelov

In the purpose: demokratisk dannelse emphazised. You shall not learn about democracy but in democracy

No possibility for dividing the students in 8.-9.

Undervisningsdifferentiering

Obligatorisk projektopgave in 9.klasse:

Den problemorienterede, undersﾃｸgende, afprﾃｸvende, selvvirksomme og stillingtagende arbejdsform styrkes

Structured in subject but the door is open for tvﾃｦrfaglige forlﾃｸb

90erne: grundlﾃｦggende kundskaber

Kultur . den danske kultur in folkeskoleloven

1990 loven om skolebestyrelser (den demokratiske kultur):

decentralisering

nye aktﾃｸrer: brugere og brugerinyteresser (forﾃｦldre, hvorfor de ofte er konservative)

Folkeskolelove:

1937

1958

1975

1993

Nyt formﾃ･l: 1993 side 19

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