Erikoisrelatiivisuudessa tehty oletus siitä, että valon nopeus on vakio kaikkiin suuntiin maapallolla EI koskaan pitänyt kunnolla paikkaansa edes MM-kokeissa, joihin kyseinen fakta on aina liitetty. Mutta koska niissä todetun eetterin nopeus ei ollut sopusoinnussa laskelmien kanssa, niin sen olemassaolo hylättiin! Seuraavassa Millerin alkuperäinen teksti 1800-luvulta:
Michelson'in havainnon (liian hitaasta) eetteristä vahvisti Miller 1933.
Miller’in kertomusta:
(Lainaus alkaa)
The brief series of observations was sufficient to show clearly that the effect did not have the anticipated magnitude. Moreover, and this fact must be emphasized, the indicated effect was not zero; the sensitivity of the apparatus was such that the conclusion, published in 1887, stated that the observed relative motion of the earth and ether did not exceed one-fourth of the earth’s orbital velocity. This is quite different from a null effect, now so frequently imputed to this experiment by writers on Relativity.
In the original account of their experiment, Michelson and Morley give the actual readings for the position of the interference fringes in the six sets of observations. The upper one of the two long curves in Fig. 1 shows the average of the three sets of readings taken at noon, and the lower long curve is the average of the three sets taken in the evening. These curves show the fringe displacements for a full turn of the interferometer, while the ether drift effect being sought is periodic in each half turn. To find the latter effect, the second half of the long curve is superimposed on the first half by addition, which cancels the full-period effect and all odd harmonics, giving the shorter curve, which is the desired half-period effect (together with any higher even harmonics which may be present).
Inspection shows clearly that these curves are not of zero value, nor are the observed points scattered at random; there is a positive, systematic effect. These full-period curves have been analyzed by the mechanical harmonic analyzer, which determines the true value of the half-period effect. This, being converted into its corresponding value for the velocity of relative motion of the earth and ether, gives a velocity of
8.8 kilometers per second for the noon observations, and 8.0 kilometers per second for the evening observations.
In Figure 2, the smooth curve shows the value of the etherdrift throughout the day for the latitude of Cleveland, as determined by the specifications of the drift which are derived later in this report from the observations made at Mount Wilson. The two circles on this chart show the magnitude of drift actually obtained by Michelson and Morley for the noon and evening observations, indicating a result wholly consistent with the later work at Mount Wilson.
jne. jne....
(lainaus loppu)
Michelson'in havainnon (liian hitaasta) eetteristä vahvisti Miller 1933.
Miller’in kertomusta:
(Lainaus alkaa)
The brief series of observations was sufficient to show clearly that the effect did not have the anticipated magnitude. Moreover, and this fact must be emphasized, the indicated effect was not zero; the sensitivity of the apparatus was such that the conclusion, published in 1887, stated that the observed relative motion of the earth and ether did not exceed one-fourth of the earth’s orbital velocity. This is quite different from a null effect, now so frequently imputed to this experiment by writers on Relativity.
In the original account of their experiment, Michelson and Morley give the actual readings for the position of the interference fringes in the six sets of observations. The upper one of the two long curves in Fig. 1 shows the average of the three sets of readings taken at noon, and the lower long curve is the average of the three sets taken in the evening. These curves show the fringe displacements for a full turn of the interferometer, while the ether drift effect being sought is periodic in each half turn. To find the latter effect, the second half of the long curve is superimposed on the first half by addition, which cancels the full-period effect and all odd harmonics, giving the shorter curve, which is the desired half-period effect (together with any higher even harmonics which may be present).
Inspection shows clearly that these curves are not of zero value, nor are the observed points scattered at random; there is a positive, systematic effect. These full-period curves have been analyzed by the mechanical harmonic analyzer, which determines the true value of the half-period effect. This, being converted into its corresponding value for the velocity of relative motion of the earth and ether, gives a velocity of
8.8 kilometers per second for the noon observations, and 8.0 kilometers per second for the evening observations.
In Figure 2, the smooth curve shows the value of the etherdrift throughout the day for the latitude of Cleveland, as determined by the specifications of the drift which are derived later in this report from the observations made at Mount Wilson. The two circles on this chart show the magnitude of drift actually obtained by Michelson and Morley for the noon and evening observations, indicating a result wholly consistent with the later work at Mount Wilson.
jne. jne....
(lainaus loppu)
Vastaukset 1
Vanhimmat
Korjaan:
"Seuraavassa Millerin alkuperäinen teksti 1800-luvulta"
Pitää olla:
"Seuraavassa Millerin alkuperäinen teksti 1900-luvulta"