Pluskvamperfekti + Kestoimperfekti

Pluskvamperfeksti tietysti ilmaisee jo menneessä päättynyttä tai jatkuvaa tekemistä.
I had walked - Minä olin kävellyt =
a) (.. earlier) en enää kävellyt menneellä tarkasteluhetkellä, kuten "I was walking" -tapauksessa, mutta olin kyllä kävellyt joskus aikaisemmin.
b) (... a long time) kävelin tarkasteluhetkellä yhä eli käytännössä samaa kuin "I was walking" -tapauksessa, mutta nyt korostetaan kävelyä kokonaisuutena, kun ed:ssä sen sijaan tarkasteluhetken kävelemistä.

I have walked - Olen kävellyt: tarkasteluhetki on nykyinen, mutta kaksimerkityksisyys samanlainen

Suuret kiitokset, olen nyt jo vähän kärryillä. Eikö tämä jo riitä, nyt on helpottunut olo, KIITOS vielä kerran!

lainata oppikirjaa "Cambridge Proficiency English" tekijä Linton Stone.

Past Continuous:
There are 5 main uses of this tense.
1. Continuous past action: Teh cold tap was dripping all night.
1. Repeated past action: Their dog was barking every five minutes last night.
2. This use might be thought of as interrupted action: I was typing when he rang. She was washing her hair when he called - compare this with: She washed her hair when he called - where his calling is the first action, and her washing is the second action.
3. Simultaneous continuity: He was watching while she was mixing the paint. She was not listening while he was talking. If the first sentence were written: He watched while she was mixing the paint - it means that the writer thinks of the watching as a completed rather than a continuous act. The contiunuous use probably has something to do with thinking very visually (in terms of detail) at that moment.
4. Past intention with the verbs going to, intending to, planning to: I was going to invite you, but I lost your address.
5. The past continuous is used in Reported Speech for the present continuous after a past reporting verb: He is sleeping - becomes - They said he was sleeping.

lainausia kirjoitti:

lainata oppikirjaa "Cambridge Proficiency English" tekijä Linton Stone.

Past Continuous:
There are 5 main uses of this tense.
1. Continuous past action: Teh cold tap was dripping all night.
1. Repeated past action: Their dog was barking every five minutes last night.
2. This use might be thought of as interrupted action: I was typing when he rang. She was washing her hair when he called - compare this with: She washed her hair when he called - where his calling is the first action, and her washing is the second action.
3. Simultaneous continuity: He was watching while she was mixing the paint. She was not listening while he was talking. If the first sentence were written: He watched while she was mixing the paint - it means that the writer thinks of the watching as a completed rather than a continuous act. The contiunuous use probably has something to do with thinking very visually (in terms of detail) at that moment.
4. Past intention with the verbs going to, intending to, planning to: I was going to invite you, but I lost your address.
5. The past continuous is used in Reported Speech for the present continuous after a past reporting verb: He is sleeping - becomes - They said he was sleeping.

Sama kirja, sama tekijä:
Past Perfect
1. When two actions "happened" in the past, this tense shows which "had happened" first: After he had gone we all breathed more freely. Before she arrived they had heard many things about her.
2. This tense also shows that something had happened up to a certain moment in the past: I had waited ten minutes before she arrived.
3. In Reported Speech the present perfect after a past reporting verb is put into the past perfect: He has lived here for three years - becomes - They said he had lived there for three years.

Continuous form
This form is concerned with the continuity of an action rather than its completed state. Again the moving rather than the still picture is uppermost in the writer's mind: He had been waiting ten minutes before he arrived. Sh had been walking for an hour when they met her.

lainausia kirjoitti:

lainata oppikirjaa "Cambridge Proficiency English" tekijä Linton Stone.

Past Continuous:
There are 5 main uses of this tense.
1. Continuous past action: Teh cold tap was dripping all night.
1. Repeated past action: Their dog was barking every five minutes last night.
2. This use might be thought of as interrupted action: I was typing when he rang. She was washing her hair when he called - compare this with: She washed her hair when he called - where his calling is the first action, and her washing is the second action.
3. Simultaneous continuity: He was watching while she was mixing the paint. She was not listening while he was talking. If the first sentence were written: He watched while she was mixing the paint - it means that the writer thinks of the watching as a completed rather than a continuous act. The contiunuous use probably has something to do with thinking very visually (in terms of detail) at that moment.
4. Past intention with the verbs going to, intending to, planning to: I was going to invite you, but I lost your address.
5. The past continuous is used in Reported Speech for the present continuous after a past reporting verb: He is sleeping - becomes - They said he was sleeping.

on painovirheitä niin sori vaan - teh on tietenkin the. Jos löytyy muitakin, niin sori, etsi kirja niin saat painovirheettömän tekstin.

sori vaan vaan kirjoitti:

on painovirheitä niin sori vaan - teh on tietenkin the. Jos löytyy muitakin, niin sori, etsi kirja niin saat painovirheettömän tekstin.

meriitit: Linton Stone, M.A., Ph.D., Tutor in English as a Second Language West London College.

Kirja First Published 1967. Reprinted 1968, 11969, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978. Siihen loppui luettelo tässä hallussa olevassa kirjassa.

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